Sigmund Freud was a psychiatrist who created and
developed the method of psychoanalysis. A method / theory which later became
one of the major schools in psychology. Freud followed Feuerbach's line of
thought with his reductionist philosophy that religion was "nothing but
..."
The book by Freud which states atheism is Totem and
Taboo (1913) and Moses and Monotheism (1938).
According to Freud, religious
rituals are similar to rituals that exist in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a psychological disorder where a person is
unable to resist his desire to carry out repetitive movements / activities,
such as repeatedly washing hands, etc. Freud also said "neurosis is an
individual religion, religion as a universal obsessional neurosis". A
clear statement linking religion and neurosis.
On the other hand, Freud also said that religion is
nothing but sublimation of sexual instincts. Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory was
built on a concept called psychosexual, that sexual drives (sexual drive /
libido) are an impulse that is primarily in humans that makes humans able to
survive. While sublimation is one of the mechanisms of self-defense that is
built by humans to balance their ego from the impulses that come from
unconsciousness. Human sexual instincts must be given another form in order to
be socially acceptable, and all of them exist and appear in religion. Religion
is a sublimation of human sexual instincts to be accepted by society.
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