From Wikipedia Indonesia,
the free Indonesian
encyclopedia. Monarchy, derived from the Greek monos (µονος) which means one,
and archein (αρχειν) which means government. Monarchy is a kind of government
in which the King becomes the Head of State. Monarchy or royal government
system is the oldest system in the world. At the beginning of the 19th period,
there were over 900 royal thrones in the world, but declined to 240 in the 20th
century. Whereas in the eighth decade of the 20th century, only 40 thrones
remained. Of these, only four countries have absolute kings or monarchies and
the rest are limited to the constitutional system.
The difference between the King and the
President as Head of State is that the King becomes the Head of State
throughout his life, while the President usually holds this position for a
certain period of time. However, in union countries such as Malaysia, Raja or
Agong, they have only been in power for 5 years and will be replaced by kings
from other countries in the alliance. In this day and age, the concept of
absolute monarchy is almost non-existent and most of them are constitutional
monarchies, namely the king who is limited in power by the constitution. The
monarchy also refers to people or institutions related to the king or kingdom
where the king functions as chief executive.
Democratic monarchy or in English Elective
Monarchy, is different from the actual concept of the king. In his custom the
king will inherit his throne (hereditary monarchies). But in a democratic
monarchy, the king's throne will rotate among several sultans. Malaysia, for
example, practices both systems, namely the constitutional kingdom and
democratic monarchy. For most countries, the King is a symbol of the country's
continuity and sovereignty. In addition, the king is usually the head of
religion and the Commander in Chief of the army of a country.
For example in Malaysia, the Yang-Pertuan Agong
is the head of the Islamic religion, while in the United Kingdom and the
country under its auspices, Queen Elizabeth II is the chair of Anglican
Christianity. Even so, at this time usually the role of chairman of the
religion is symbolic only. In addition to the King, there are several types of
governments that have broader fields of power such as Maharaja and Khalifah.
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