The influence of the anti-globalization movement



Some influential critical writings have inspired the anti-globalization movement. The No Logo, the book by Canadian journalist Naomi Klein, which criticizes the production practices of multinational companies and the presence of ubiquitous brand-driven marketing in popular culture, has become a "manifesto" of this movement, presenting it in a simple theme- themes that have been more accurately developed in other writings. In India, some intellectual references to this movement can be found in the writings of Vandhana Shiva, an environmentalist and feminist, who in his book Biopiracy documents how natural capital of indigenous peoples and ecoregions has been transformed into forms of intellectual capital, which are later recognized as a commercial property without sharing the personal benefits that it has gained from its origin.
The author Arundhati Roy is famous for her anti-nuclear activities and position against the giant power plant dam project in India sponsored by the World Bank. In France the famous monthly magazine Le Monde Diplomatique supported the anti-globalization struggle and an editorial written by one of its directors, Ignacio Ramonet produced the basis for the formation of ATTAC. The writings of Jean Ziegler and Immanuel Wallerstein provide details on the backwardness and dependence of the world controlled by the capitalist system. The pacifist and anti-imperialist traditions have really influenced this movement. US foreign policy critics such as Noam Chomsky and the late Susan Sontag and anti-globalist computer destroyer The Yes Men have been widely accepted in the movement.
Although they may not call themselves antiglobalists and the reality is pro-capitalism, some economists who disagree with the neoliberal approach to international economic institutions have greatly influenced this movement. Development as Freedom by Amartya Sen (winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics) argues that the development of third world countries must be understood as an expansion of human capacity, not merely as an increase in national income per capita, and therefore requires policies that also consider health and education, not just GDP. The proposal of the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Economics, James Tobin, to impose a tax on financial transactions (later known as Tobin Tax) has become part of the movement's agenda.
George Soros, Joseph E. Stiglitz (another Nobel laureate, once served at the World Bank, author of Globalization and Its Discontents) and David Korten has made arguments for drastically increasing transparency, for debt relief, agrarian reform, and restructuring the company's accountability system. Korten and Stiglitz's contribution to this movement included taking part in direct actions and street protests.
Some Roman Catholic countries such as Italy are also influenced by the role of religion, especially from missionaries who have lived in the Third World (the most famous is Alex Zanotelli). The meeting between this tradition and the post-communist tradition is often felt strange, but not completely at odds.
               Internet sources and websites that provide free information, such as Indymedia, are a means of spreading ideas for this movement. The extensive collection of material about spiritual movements, anarchism, libertarian socialism, and the Green Movement that is now available on the internet may be more influential than printed books. The writings of Arundhati Roy, Starhawk, and John Zerzan, in particular, which were initially unknown, have inspired criticism that defends feminism, the process of consensus and political secession.


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